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Astrology => Cosmology/Astrology/Astronomy => Topic started by: SI on Feb 11, 2016 09:32 pm



Title: Gravitational waves
Post by: SI on Feb 11, 2016 09:32 pm
http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/02/gravitational-waves-einstein-s-ripples-spacetime-spotted-first-time



Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: b on Feb 12, 2016 02:18 am
Astounding


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: Jitendra Hy-do-u-no-us? on Feb 12, 2016 03:41 am
Einstein never thought they'd b detected but the technology was not available at the time for their discovery.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: b on Feb 12, 2016 04:42 am
I found this video of Neil deGrasse Tyson giving some commentary on the new discovery.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DoOPEPVYAnU

Here is another video that describes the whole thing in an easy to understand way.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4GbWfNHtHRg


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: Jitendra Hy-do-u-no-us? on Feb 12, 2016 04:54 am
One initial interest i find is that what is so extremely far away can have an effect on something here. Makes ya think what more effect a planet so much closer would have.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: b on Feb 12, 2016 05:38 am
One initial interest i find is that what is so extremely far away can have an effect on something here. Makes ya think what more effect a planet so much closer would have.

I know even less about astrology than I do astrophysics but it seems to have a bad reputation in the science world. That is probably a subject that is new thread worthy.  :P


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: Jitendra Hy-do-u-no-us? on Feb 12, 2016 08:44 am
If gravitational waves are distortions in time and space that are caused by the size of physical objects.....Correct me if im wrong. This being the case wouldnt those distortions in time and space effect us if we r drawn into the influence of such objects. It appears we r. because that is how we have found orbitting objects in our small solar system--- through the relationships of such objects and their pull on each other.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: b on Feb 12, 2016 09:32 am
If gravitational waves are distortions in time and space that are caused by the size of physical objects.....Correct me if im wrong. This being the case wouldnt those distortions in time and space effect us if we r drawn into the influence of such objects. It appears we r. because that is how we have found orbotting objects in our small solar --- through the relationships of such objects and their pull on each other.

Yes, that sounds correct to me Steve. Mind you I am fairly ignorant on these topics. I assumed your comment was hinting at astrology. Sorry if that wasn't what you were intending. Either way, it might be interesting and informative to start another thread on astrology (maybe there are some already I haven't looked at).

Back to the gravitational waves. As far as I can tell, Einstein said that every object with mass creates these depressions in space-time - relative to the mass of that object. This is gravity and not the attracting force between objects that Isaac Newton apparently proposed. When two massive objects collide then ripples are sent through the fabric of space-time - that's where these gravitational waves come in. In most cases, these gravitational waves are supposed to be minuscule and perhaps undetectable (?). For example, if we bump into each other there is a gravitational wave but not a big one. But apparently in this case, the objects were so massive (two black holes) that their collision created a strong enough ripple that it could be detected with whatever instrument they had designed to detect this. They said that when the two black holes collided that, for a fraction of a second, there was released more energy than all the stars in the known universe combined. That is mind-boggling in itself. These black holes were also some 5 trillion light years away. Oh, and the collision happened 1.3 billion years ago. 

   


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: Jitendra Hy-do-u-no-us? on Feb 13, 2016 06:17 am
http://m.timesofindia.com/gravitational-waves-all-you-need-to-know/listshow/50951596.cms

Imagine this mccoy all our lives we were told that there is gravitation but no one new what it was. This next generation has an explanation. How much more do we not know? i barely know anything. But at least i know that!


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: Jitendra Hy-do-u-no-us? on Feb 13, 2016 08:33 pm
The  part i am not getting is that in most of the illustrations given we see the objects 'fall' into the gravitational pull of larger objects. But is there really any up and down in space? Those are concepts associated with gravitation as we once knew it. Falling does not seem to fit in with a new definition of gravity.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: b on Feb 13, 2016 10:58 pm
Falling, up and down are relative to an object with mass. In our case the earth. An illustration they like to use is a trampoline. A heavier person than you will create a depression in the trampoline fabric which will pull you toward that person to some degree. Similarly, objects in space-time that have more mass pull in all the objects around it because it 'curves' space-time around itself. Except space-time is not a one-dimensional flat piece of fabric. Does that make sense?


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: Jitendra Hy-do-u-no-us? on Feb 14, 2016 12:53 am
In the trampoline example the shaped mass is being pulled 'downward' but there is no downward in space. In this sense the illustration does not extrapolate. You could just as easily say the objects r being pulled upward.

It seems to me that the important thing about this discovery is that a physical basis for gravitation has been found. Even though we have kown the physical bases of its results. For instance in tides. What interests me just as much or more is the spiritual basis for physical phenomena. For instance; what is the spiritual cause of.cancer?

I would b interested to here what SI and mccoy and b have more to add to this.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: Jitendra Hy-do-u-no-us? on Feb 14, 2016 05:12 am
Falling, up and down are relative to an object with mass. In our case the earth. An illustration they like to use is a trampoline. A heavier person than you will create a depression in the trampoline fabric which will pull you toward that person to some degree. Similarly, objects in space-time that have more mass pull in all the objects around it because it 'curves' space-time around itself. Except space-time is not a one-dimensional flat piece of fabric. Does that make sense?

I see what u r saying b. It would b difficult to illustrate with
one demensional tools.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: b on Feb 14, 2016 09:14 am
My understanding of this stuff is very basic, if I understand it at all. I have been browsing around YouTube for explanations. They are all hard.  :D


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: Jitendra Hy-do-u-no-us? on Feb 14, 2016 12:58 pm
My understanding of this stuff is very basic, if I understand it at all. I have been browsing around YouTube for explanations. They are all hard.  :D

When i was a teenager a friend used to subscibe to the Christian Science Monitor i found i had a better understanding of many subjects by reading her copies when i visited.

http://m.csmonitor.com/Science/2016/0211/Einstein-verified-Monumental-gravitational-waves-discovery-was-100-years-in-making


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: Jitendra Hy-do-u-no-us? on Feb 14, 2016 11:54 pm
We are going to b able to understand much more of the universe thru the evidence of Gravitational Waves. For instance: Black Holes that were at one time unobservable except thru the energy flowing into them can now be detected thru the medium of gravitational waves coming from them.

A gravitational wave is a propagating wave of gravitational energy produced by accelerating masses, especially during catastrophic events, as the gravitational collapse of massive stars.

http://www.cnn.com/2016/02/11/us/gravitational-waves-feat/

"The skies will never be the same. We will see a universe that has never been seen before"


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: SI on Feb 15, 2016 10:18 pm
These black holes were also some 5 trillion light years away. Oh, and the collision happened 1.3 billion years ago. 

It's funny, happened so long ago, yet it's news to us. Just think if we could observe what is happening now, seems like we're getting way yesterdays news.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: SI on Feb 15, 2016 10:20 pm
You have to wonder, what has God up his sleeve disseminating this info?


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: Jitendra Hy-do-u-no-us? on Feb 16, 2016 02:16 am
You have to wonder, what has God up his sleeve disseminating this info?

LOL

Hopefully he feels bad that he left us trapped in this movie theater... when there r all these horror shows being played.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: the 10 moods of dr. kook on Feb 16, 2016 03:14 am
You have to wonder, what has God up his sleeve disseminating this info?

LOL

Hopefully he feels bad that he left us trapped in this movie theater... when there r all these horror shows being played.


We are finding out just how much the universe and everything in it effects our reality. This could be one thing he is showing us.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: Jitendra Hy-do-u-no-us? on Feb 16, 2016 03:26 am
There is so much that effects our reality. It is for us to let it.. or realize it might just b someone elses reality. But there r things out there that have an effect on everyone. Gravitational waves seem to b one of them.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: SI on Feb 16, 2016 07:50 am
LOL
Hopefully he feels bad that he left us trapped in this movie theater... when there r all these horror shows being played.

I wonder, I really do.

BTW, thanks for the chat, not many folks round these parts that like to talk spiritual-minded.  :-\


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: Jitendra Hy-do-u-no-us? on Feb 16, 2016 01:15 pm
LOL
Hopefully he feels bad that he left us trapped in this movie theater... when there r all these horror shows being played.

I wonder, I really do.

BTW, thanks for the chat, not many folks round these parts that like to talk spiritual-minded.  :-\

Sure SI

(i called SI last nite)

Hopefully u r able to b that lite hearted most of the time. It rubs off u know. I liked your story about your parents as entertainers perhaps it is y u understand one such as my self. U might share it with everyone. Wouldnt mind hearing it again.



Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: mccoy on Feb 20, 2016 04:37 am
Guys, this thread did not show on the 'unread posts' so I missed it so far. Actually, after havign posted about it n the other thread, I thought to open up a thread here but I find it's already in existance.

Just to express a couple of basic points as I understood them .

1- large masses like moons, planets and starts, in motion, create gravity waves. They are usually long-period, like the moon's tidal waves, at one cycle per month.
2- binary and multiple star systems create gravity waves, caused by the differential pull of the bodies, these are also of the long period kind. A Nobel prize has been issued in the past on the study of a binary pulsar system which emitted gravitational waves (guessed by the maths and not directly detected)
3- Colossal clashes like the recent one produce immense energy which propagates thru the cosmic void by gravitational waves, like ripples in a pond. In black holes collision, no lighwaves propagate, as far as I understand, because of the huge gravitational sink existing which sucks all radiations in (except the gravitational one).

Quote
…A long time ago, in a galaxy far, far away…

 Two black holes subdued to the gravitational pull and coalesced into a single entity. While coalescing, they violently rippled the space-time surface and on 14th September, 2015, these ripples reached planet Earth and were successfully recorded and deciphered.”


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: mccoy on Feb 20, 2016 04:45 am
The coalesced binary system lost about 3 solar masses after the coalescence. Such mass, transformed into gravitational radiative energy, has reached us and has been detected by Ligo.
As far as I collected, the waveform or signal only lasted a quarter of a second and the wave frequency is high (from 35 to 250 Hz)

(http://blog.wolfram.com/data/uploads/2016/02/DataImage.png)


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: Jitendra Hy-do-u-no-us? on Feb 20, 2016 07:33 am
Guys, this thread did not show on the 'unread posts' so I missed it so far. Actually, after havign posted about it n the other thread, I thought to open up a thread here but I find it's already in existance.

Just to express a couple of basic points as I understood them .

1- large masses like moons, planets and starts, in motion, create gravity waves. They are usually long-period, like the moon's tidal waves, at one cycle per month.
2- binary and multiple star systems create gravity waves, caused by the differential pull of the bodies, these are also of the long period kind. A Nobel prize has been issued in the past on the study of a binary pulsar system which emitted gravitational waves (guessed by the maths and not directly detected)
3- Colossal clashes like the recent one produce immense energy which propagates thru the cosmic void by gravitational waves, like ripples in a pond. In black holes collision, no lighwaves propagate, as far as I understand, because of the huge gravitational sink existing which sucks all radiations in (except the gravitational one).

Quote
…A long time ago, in a galaxy far, far away…

 Two black holes subdued to the gravitational pull and coalesced into a single entity. While coalescing, they violently rippled the space-time surface and on 14th September, 2015, these ripples reached planet Earth and were successfully recorded and deciphered.”

Hello mccoy

Really appreciate your contributions and presence. i am not sure where u find 'unread posts' so i am not able to respond to what you have said. i always go to 'view the most recent posts' at the bottom of the forum (under stats) and found everything there that has recently happened.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: mccoy on Feb 20, 2016 04:13 pm
Steve yes, I'll do as you do since my way has not proved to be always effective. On the top left-hand side you have 2 links: Show unread posts since last visit., Show new replies to your posts., but at times they do not actually indicate new posts.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: Jitendra Hy-do-u-no-us? on Feb 20, 2016 04:32 pm
Steve yes, I'll do as you do since my way has not proved to be always effective. On the top left-hand side you have 2 links: Show unread posts since last visit., Show new replies to your posts., but at times they do not actually indicate new posts.

O.K. now i see them. i'll have to check them out as well. i'll let u know what my experience is!


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: mccoy on Feb 20, 2016 08:34 pm
This is another very interesting image showing the timescale and the computed waveform of the black holes collision: decreasing distance, increasing velocity/mass, the large spike of collision/merger, the disappearance of the signal after the merge.

There are some very clear explanations of a phenomen which up to a few decades ago only some of the specialized physicists fully understood.

This is also a new kind of telescopy, we'll be able to observe violent phenomena as neutron star collisions, supernovae, gamma ray bursts and study the information conveyed by the gravitational waves.

The gravitational waves of extremely low frequency whose wavelenght can span a universe are also believed to be the original quantic fluctuations just before the inflation of the universe, right after the big bang, such quantic fluctuations were present in the primal seed and are allegedly the cause of the unlikely dishomogeneity of the universe.

(https://qph.is.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-459bda4157da1034619d6a5b0e15dcc4?convert_to_webp=true)


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: mccoy on Feb 20, 2016 08:43 pm
Primordial gravitational waves: the seeds within the primal seed (the fingerprints of GOd???) - from the Quora poster "Huang China". This is a possibl efascinating application of GW detection, although I believe LIGo is not able to detect ultra low frequencies.

Quote
Till now our knowledge of the early universe is from the cosmic microwave background(CMB). However, the early universe is filled with plasma, which is opaque to electromagnetic radiation. So the CMB only tells us what happened 378 thousand years after the big bang. However, the gravitational waves can travel freely through the plasma, so it provides an insight into extremely early universe events such as inflation. Such gravitational wave is called primordial gravitational wave.
The BICEP II last year announced the discovery of the primordial gravitational waves, but it was soon   falsificated by the datas from the Planck. Now many teams, including BICEP III are competing for the discovery of primordial gravitational wave. If it is verified, it will greatly promote the development of cosmology and possibly the quantum gravity.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: mccoy on Feb 20, 2016 09:37 pm
Guys, it turns out that GWs have a negligibile effect even near to the black holes collision we just witnessed. Someone has calculated that, at a distance of one AU (sun-earth distance) the strain would have been 10-7 that is,  imperceptible. Maybe some very faint sound effect would have been felt. I'm disappointed!!!

Such a titanic clash yields a really tiny effect in terms of gravitational waves. That's why they have been so elusive for decades.

By victor Toth

Quote
A crude formula for the measured strain from the gravitational wave due to a binary star system is given by:
h∼2G2M1M2c4aD,h∼2G2M1M2c4aD,
where G∼6.674×10−11 m3/kg/s2G∼6.674×10−11 m3/kg/s2 is Newton's constant of gravity, M1M1 and M2M2 are the two masses, c=3×108 m/sc=3×108 m/s is the speed of light, aa is the separation between the stars and DD is the distance from the detector.
If you substitute M1=M2=30M⊙M1=M2=30M⊙, a=100 kma=100 km and D=421 MpcD=421 Mpc (after appropriate conversion of units, of course), for a separation of a=100 kma=100 km you get h=3×10−21h=3×10−21, so crude it might be, but the formula is not useless.
And it tells you that the strain is inversely proportional to distance. Which means that  if you were, say, 1 astronomical unit from the source, the strain would have been h∼3×10−7h∼3×10−7. This would have been easily detectable with a desktop experiment. (Very easily, as a matter of fact, as this strain exceed the sensitivity of the Michelson-Morley experiment from 1887 by ten orders of magnitude. Of course Michelson-Morley was not designed for this frequency range, but even so, it would have seen it for sure.)
Not only that, but since the gravitational wave emitted by GW150914 was in the audio frequency range, I suspect that humans would have heard it as the strain, acting as a momentary passing tidal effect, would have stressed their eardrums. That of course assumes that there were either no non-gravitational effects (e.g., deadly radiation from a disturbed accretion disk surrounding the coalescing binary) or the humans were well protected, so they could enjoy the "chirp" instead of having to flee for their lives...


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: Jitendra Hy-do-u-no-us? on Feb 23, 2016 01:42 am
"Steve, I'm sorry that I'm not able to write so clearly, I'll have to try and simplify things. What I do usually is to rewrite what I grasped but of course I'm not a perfect explainer.
By the way, I'm not a scientist, lol, I'm a professional who likes scientific topics but has serious voids of knowledge in some subjects (for example, biology).

I'll write more topics on gravitational waves, with some very simple yet effective examples. Again, by writing these things I'm testing my own comprehension of such phenomena."

Quote from mccoy.

It seems to me that one of the great things about this discovery is that before we new about light traveling through space and the idea of dark matter which scientists do not seem to b able to describe currently. But gravitational waves adds another factor that can traverse space. Something else that is natural and not man made.

Steve


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: SI on Feb 23, 2016 05:35 am
Not my words:

"imagine letting your hands trail in the water on each side of a rubber raft and feeling the waves on the surface of the water brush your fingers — but neither really does it justice. “You have to sort of try to grasp new phenomena by analogy,” he explains, “but it's just a completely different way of viewing the universe...There's no sense that you can appeal to, because humans don't have a spacetime sensing sense."


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: mccoy on Feb 23, 2016 10:54 pm
Like Steve says, GWs are important because they are a new way to 'see' the universe. They convey information which is often not conveyed by electro magnetic waves and visible light. We are starting now to develop a new kind of telescopy. Also, GWs can go beyond the wall of CMBR, cosmic microwave background radiation, which is the absolute limit for visible light. Hence, GWs can relate info belonging to the first 300 000 years after creation.

Like SI says, we can only reason by analogy. The analogy of a pond (spacetime fabric) rippled by a stone thrown into it is very crude and not an exact one. GWs only occur in particular conditions, particularly, acceleration of a mass is necessary, which is not in conditions of circular or cylindrical simmetry. For example, a perfectly spherical body which rotates on its axis does not give rise to GWs. Irregularities in the spherical simmetry do give rise to GWs.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: mccoy on Feb 23, 2016 10:58 pm
I'm seeing this as a group study. We are trying together to reach a better comprehension of this phenomenon, which is exceedingly tenuos and impercetible.

From the ligo.org site:

Quote
There are four main sources of gravitational waves caused by different kinds of motion and changing distributions of mass - continuous, inspiral, burst, and stochastic.

- See more at: http://www.ligo.org/science/GW-Sources.php#sthash.BstoAEMp.dpuf

The waves just detecte4d by LIGO are the inspiral waves



Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: mccoy on Feb 23, 2016 10:59 pm
Inspiral waves:
Quote
nspiral gravitational waves are generated during the end-of-life stage of binary systems where the two objects merge into one.  These systems are usually two neutron stars, two black holes, or a neutron star and a black hole whose orbits have degraded to the point that the two masses are about to coalesce.  As the two masses rotate around each other, their orbital distances decrease and their speeds increase, much like a spinning figure skater who draws his or her arms in close to their body.  This causes the frequency of the gravitational waves to increase until the moment of coalescence.  - See more at: http://www.ligo.org/science/GW-Inspiral.php#sthash.epf2kvAH.dpuf

(https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/White_dwarfs_circling_each_other_and_then_colliding.gif)


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: mccoy on Feb 23, 2016 11:22 pm
Now, we have a plot which describes (by numerical modelling) the inspiral GWs created by the two colliding black holes above depicted:
(http://www.ligo.org/science/GW-Overview/images/inspiral_tn.jpg)

The gravitational waves we can see are created by the two masses  which accelerate toward each other (increase their revolution velocity being attracted by each other's gravities). Every ripple we see is a revolution of the system.
When the masses gradually approach each other, there are two effects:
1)Their acceleration increases due to greater attraction because of shorter distance
2)Their masses increase because the velocity is relativistically increasing (approaching the speed of light).

The net effect is to increase the ampliture of the ripples (masses are greater and greater) and to increase the frequency (revolutions are faster and faster).

At the end the masses (black holes in our case) collide merging into a single body. TGhere are no more ripples since there are no more inspiraling masses.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: mccoy on Feb 23, 2016 11:41 pm
Now, the last step. Pls Steve and others let me know if the plots and explanations are clear now. The recently detected waves are plotted in the following official graph

(http://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/osc-mediaassets/160211_LIGO/images/GW%20Data%203-panel.jpg)

We can clearly see the ripples becoming gradually wider and more frequent, startign from time 0.3 seconds to time 0.42, when they are the highest and the closest.

At time 0.3 the black holes started to approach to each other, increasing significantly in velocity and mass. At 0.4 second the black holes are revolving around each other very, very closely, with velocity at about half lightspeed. The last spikes testify the moments just before the collision, after which there are no more gravitational waves (seconds 0.43 to 0.45) since there are no more two black holes, just a single, larger one which is spinning in a close to circular simmetry, hence radiating no gravitational waves.

The dramatic collision, where two bodies which total mass amounting at about 30 times our sun, has ended. The GWs detected are exceedingly and incredibly tenuos. I still can hardly believe the devices could detect them.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: mccoy on Feb 23, 2016 11:44 pm
So, we have seen that the analogy to the ripples caused by a stoen thrown in a pond is valid in an inverse way.

First of all there are two 'stones' not just one. Then, the ripples are caused before the collision, by increasing acceleration of the black holes. after the collision there are no more ripples.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: Jitendra Hy-do-u-no-us? on Feb 24, 2016 05:25 am
This is the best explanation yet of the graph. However it looks to me that there r still some frequencies registering at the far rite. Because it has not gone flatline. Maybe they just consider it negligible. Or is it that even a black hole registers something although it doesnt appear significant with our current ability to plot gravitational waves.

mccoy wouldnt it b fascinating to have graphs like this to measure spaces between breaths and breaths per minute while meditating?

Now, the last step. Pls Steve and others let me know if the plots and explanations are clear now. The recently detected waves are plotted in the following official graph

(http://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/osc-mediaassets/160211_LIGO/images/GW%20Data%203-panel.jpg)

We can clearly see the ripples becoming gradually wider and more frequent, startign from time 0.3 seconds to time 0.42, when they are the highest and the closest.

At time 0.3 the black holes started to approach to each other, increasing significantly in velocity and mass. At 0.4 second the black holes are revolving around each other very, very closely, with velocity at about half lightspeed. The last spikes testify the moments just before the collision, after which there are no more gravitational waves (seconds 0.43 to 0.45) since there are no more two black holes, just a single, larger one which is spinning in a close to circular simmetry, hence radiating no gravitational waves.

The dramatic collision, where two bodies which total mass amounting at about 30 times our sun, has ended. The GWs detected are exceedingly and incredibly tenuos. I still can hardly believe the devices could detect them.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: mccoy on Feb 24, 2016 10:19 am
Steve, now it appears that you have little problems in construing the graphs, yes they are the best so far and show how similar the signal is in the two devices, located at the opposite angles of the USA.
The far left and far right sides of the graph might depict either background noise; the far right side may also depict smaller gravitational waves of the continuos type, emitted by the new blackhole while it's rotating on its axis, due to some imperfection in the spherical simmetry.
We do not have the whole recording so we cannot say, although it is very likely that we are dealing with background noise, random oscillations of the measurement device or even of the gravitational field itself. I'll try and see if a longer stretch of the recording is available.

What I did not understand yet how they could predict the event (smoother signal), maybe they just foresaw a set of possible patterns, encompassing the likely events. What is clear is that the computational power used by the project is immense.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: mccoy on Feb 24, 2016 10:22 am
mccoy wouldnt it b fascinating to have graphs like this to measure spaces between breaths and breaths per minute while meditating?

Definitely so! Having a graph visualize the breath cycles on a monitor in front of you. This would entail an even greater identification with the breath and its cycle. My hong-sau wopuld sure benefit from it. I believe it's relatively simple but we'll have to search the practical details and the cost of such a system.


Title: Re: Gravitational waves
Post by: mccoy on Feb 24, 2016 10:40 am
A very well written article By Lawrence Krauss in the NY times.

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/14/opinion/sunday/finding-beauty-in-the-darkness.html?ref=topics&_r=0